The changing global context for development cooperation 

An assessment of the current global challenges facing international development.

  1. Status: Completed
  2. Published: 19 May 2026
  3. Type: Strategic overview
  4. Subject: Climate change and biodiversity, Cross-government aid spend, Democracy, governance and human rights, Development finance, Humanitarian assistance, UK aid trends
  5. Lead commissioner: Jillian Popkins

Further scrutiny

We conclude with some questions that we intend to scrutinise further during this Commission:

  • What outcomes will the UK prioritise in its international development cooperation?
    • If ODA is increasingly framed as a strategic tool for leveraging additional resources, what outcomes is it expected to deliver, and how will success be defined and measured?
    • How will the government maintain a clear focus on poverty reduction while further integrating development cooperation with foreign policy, security, trade, and migration objectives?
    • Who is expected to benefit from this approach, and in which contexts?
    • Given that extreme poverty, climate vulnerability, and conflict are increasingly concentrated in fragile settings, how will the UK balance investment in immediate humanitarian responses with longer term resilience and prevention in these contexts?
  • How will the UK deliver effective development impact under the shift from donor to investor?
    • Given the mixed evidence, how will the UK ensure that leverage-based approaches deliver impact on a meaningful scale?
    • How will it demonstrate that mobilised finance is genuinely additional, and that such approaches reach low income and fragile countries?
    • Will the UK continue to invest in governance and rights?
  • How will the UK deliver development outcomes effectively and demonstrate value for money in an era of constrained resources and rising global need?
    • How will results be defined, what kinds of partnerships will be prioritised, and how will the UK maintain credibility as a development partner with reduced spending?
    • Will increased reliance on multilateral channels and system level interventions deliver better value for money than bilateral grant programmes?
    • Can localisation be credibly advanced while funding is falling?